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Background. Since the start of the COVID-19 pandemic, Chad has had 7,417 confirmed cases and 193 deaths, one of the lowest in Africa. Objective. This study assessed SARS-CoV-2 immunity in N'Djamena. Methods. In August-October 2021, eleven N'Djamena hospitals collected outpatient data and samples. IgG antibodies against SARSCoV- 2 nucleocapsid protein were identified using ELISA. "Bambino Gesu" Laboratory, Rome, Italy, performed external quality control with chemiluminescence assay. Results. 25-34-year-old (35.2%) made up the largest age group at 31.9 12.6 years. 56.4% were women, 1.3 women/men. The 7th district had 22.5% and the 1st 22.3%. Housewives and students dominated. Overall seroprevalence was 69.5% (95% CI: 67.7-71.3), females 68.2% (65.8-70.5) and males 71.2% (68.6-73.8). >44-year-old had 73.9% seroprevalence. Under-15s were 57.4% positive. Housewives (70.9%), civil servants (71.5%), and health workers (9.7%) had the highest antibody positivity. N'Djamena's 9th district had 73.1% optimism and the 3rd district had 52.5%. Seroprevalences were highest at Good Samaritan Hospital (75.4%) and National General Referral Hospital (74.7%). Conclusion. Our findings indicate a high circulation of SARS-CoV- 2 in N'Djamena, despite low mortality and morbidity after the first two COVID-19 pandemic waves. This high seroprevalence must be considered in Chad's vaccine policy.
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Introduction: Vitamin D deficiency (VDD) is common in young adults even in sunlight sufficient countries. It manifests with subtle and trivial symptoms that are often ignored. Nutritional deficiency due to improper dietary habits, poverty, long hours at work and study are factors. The lockdown during COVID has exacerbated the incidence. We had a patient with VDD who became symptomatic after routine thyroidectomy prompting our review into literature on the global health perspective of VDD. Material and method: - A 21-year-old nursing student developed hypocalcaemia within 24 hours after a routine thyroidectomy. VDD was detected and patient improved after supplementation. Literature was reviewed from Pubmed database for the medical aspects of the problem, from Government archives like the Scientific Advisory Committee on Nutrition, ICMR etc for cause and medical archives including those of paediatric and general health for the impact of disease at the state, national and global level. A global health problem list was prepared and data was reviewed. Discussion: Vitamin D is protective against respiratory infections due to viral aetiology including COVID. However, complete lockdown to prevent spread of COVID, online learning, and work from home culture has reduced sunlight exposure and increased incidence of VDD. Post thyroidectomy hypocalcaemia is common in VDD. Conclusion: Since there is a high prevalence of asymptomatic VDD even in sunshine sufficient countries, it is recommended to screen all patients especially young adults for VDD during routine preoperative work up.
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Introduction: the quality of medical care is directly related to the appropriate work environment and the satisfaction of the health staff. With the appearance of COVID-19, the work environment in health institutions has worsened. Background: to identify the factors that influence the work environment of the public and private health institutions of Santo Domingo de los Tsachilas, Ecuador, during the period June-August 2021. Method: implementation of a study with a quantitative approach of correlational scope and transectional design in 349 health workers, to whom a 25-questions questionnaire was applied, that measured factors such as: contagion risk, working hours, medical resources and job stability. The results of the study were statistically analyzed through SPPS 20 and AMOS 24, with the previous development of Cronbach's alpha. Results: 94% of the participants considered the work environment of their institutions as inappropriate, while 6% said they did not. Females, and ages ranging between 22-35 years predominated. All the variables of the hypothesized model exceeded 0.70 and the total Cronbach's alpha reached 0.728;the hypothesized model met the convergent and discriminant validity of the variables. The risk of contagion yielded a value of beta=0.148, while the working day resulted with beta=0.010, medical resources beta=0.006 and job stability beta=0.007. Conclusions: the findings determined that the risk of contagion is the most influential factor in the work environment of the institutions under study during the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic.
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Background: The COVID-19 pandemic, which has spread very quickly, has created crises in all aspects of life around the world. The administration of the COVID-19 heterologous vaccine in Indonesia is prioritized for high-risk groups, one of which is health workers. This study aimed to determine the comparison of quantitative IgG antibody levels for SARS CoV2 between health workers with and without a history of being infected with COVID-19 after heterology vaccination at Dr. Mohammad Hoesin General Hospital, Palembang, Indonesia. Methods: This study was a cross-sectional analytic observational study. A total of 64 subjects participated in this study. Data analysis was carried out with the help of SPSS software in univariate and bivariate. Results: SARS-CoV2 IgG antibody levels with and without a history of being infected with COVID-19 after heterologous vaccination did not find a significant difference in IgG levels between the two groups. However, the quantitative IgG levels of SARS-CoV2 in the infected history group were greater, namely 4834.25 AU/mL, compared to no history of COVID-19 infection of 3833.35 AU/mL Conclusion: There is a difference in the average SARS-CoV 2 IgG between subjects with a history of being infected with COVID-19 and without a history of COVID-19 at Dr. Mohammad Hoesin General Hospital, Palembang, Indonesia, although statistically, it is not significantly different.
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Introduction: During the second COVID-19 wave, two clinical pharmacists (CP) joined one of the COVID ward of the institution. They provided their expertise to the nursing staff from different departments of the institution. We present here their experience. Material and method: Clinical pharmacists took part in the daily healthcare transmissions. Then they intervened on medical or paramedical request. Data was extracted from their activity report. The satisfaction of the team was also evaluated anonymously. Results: Clinical pharmacists intervened for 82% of patients, mainly to advise non-specialist doctors on management of the COVID patients. Medication reconciliation at admission and discharge, carried out for respectively 45% and 30% of patients, contributed to the link between community medicine and hospital. The clinical pharmacists quickly integrated to the healthcare team, who was very satisfied with the help they provided. Conclusion: This experience highlights the added value of clinical pharmacy for the management of COVID patients. It improves the caregivers' quality of life at work, particularly in a context of health crisis, when habits are disrupted and the workload high.
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The COVID-19 crisis has made the years 2020 and 2021 an unpolitical and spiritual crisis. It has affected virtually everybody in the world and introduced a new normal. Since the beginning of the COVID-19 outbreak, people have been hooked on consuming news media to follow the development of this unprecedented disease. Subsequently, a new language with vocabulary, expressions, and metaphors has appeared in various languages, including English and Arabic. Dictionaries have added new words in English and revised others, they are now fully integrated into our everyday vocabularies. COVID-19 has changed the English language in many ways: it has brought previously obscure medical words to the forefront of everyday speech, made terms related to social isolation more common, and witnessed a shift in meaning in other terms. As linguists, researchers, and teachers gradually return to their classrooms next term (Spring, 2022) we undertook this study to identify 57 English terms, expressions, and metaphors that emerged during the COVID-19 pandemic, either in English-speaking countries or Arabic-speaking countries where English is a first or second language. We deemed the new terminologies necessary for EFL learners in the Gulf Cooperation Countries (GCC) countries. It can serve the purpose of making a list of these words and expressions to be taught to our EFL students at colleges of nursing and health science in Kuwait or Saudi Arabia or any other equivalent colleges in the Arab World. The terms and expressions came from articles, magazines, and English and Arabic dictionaries published during the COVID-19 pandemic.
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This study aimed to analyze the effect of sterilization and disinfection procedures at two different levels before entering the residence of medical rescue teams fighting against coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19) in infection prevention and control. A total of 160 medical team members who came from our hospital to aid Wuhan were taken as study objects. During that period implementing two different procedures, their temperature, health condition, nucleic acid testing results and adverse reports were analyzed. The number of adverse reports was 0 during 10 days when high-intensity disinfection procedures were implemented. Before the simplified procedure put into use, there were 8 cases about psychological acceptance in the first seven days;the simplified procedure was carried out when there was no adverse reports 7 days later. During the isolation period, the body temperature was monitored twice a day, without any abnormality;two nucleic acid testing results were both negative. The simplified process is a more scientific and reasonable disinfection process. Confronted with the prevention and control of the COVID-19, we must maintain a scientific and rational attitude and adopt right and reasonable measures, which is more conducive to security.
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Objectives: To assess the mental health status of medical staff that fight against the maim irus diseases 2019 (COV1D- 19) in Wuhan. and provide data support for medical staff psychological intervention and protection. Methods The meritul health status of 224 medical staff in the prevention and control of GOVID-19 and 127 controls was investigated by combining scale filling and online survey methods. Results The anxiety store of medical shill in Wuhan survey group 18.6 t 5.9 / was significantly higher than that of ordinary medical staff in Xi' an f 16.0 +or-4.6 . and the difference was statistically significant (P< 0.01). 29.991 of the medical staff that fight against COVID -19 in Wuhan had a high score of anxiety. The degree of anxiety of military medical staff was significantly lower than that of non-military medical staff t 11/4 0.001. Those who had participated in the fight against SARS. disaster rescue or exercises had significantly loner anxiety than those without any experience (P<0.001). However, there was no significant difference in anxiety between medical staff who participated in the exercise and those who participated in the fight against SARS and disaster rescue (P=036). Conclusions The front-line medical staff who fight against COV1D- 19 show a high level of anxiety. Participation in the exercise can significantly reduce the anxiety of medical staff fighting against the epidemic.
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OBJECTIVE: To test the suitability of medical protective masks worn by medical staff and explore the factors that affect the results of qualitative suitability tests. METHODS: A total of 221 medical and administrative staff who participated in the prevention and control of the COVID-19 epidemic in a designated hospital were recruited as the study objects, and the qualitative suitability testing was carried out by using bittering agent aerosol method (3 MTMFT-30) approved by the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA). RESULTS: Totally 201 were qualified for the sensitivity test, including 169 (84.1%) objects with level 1 sensitivity, 30 (14.9%) objects with level 2 sensitivity, 2 (1.0%) objects with level 3 sensitivity. Among the 201 objects, 188 passed the first test, 5 objects passed the second test, and 8 objects did not pass the test, with the pass rate 96.02%. The analysis of influencing factors showed that the BMI index affected the result of the suitability test (P<0.05), however, the genders, ages, wearing glasses, double chin, size of face, wearing goggles, shape of face length, width of nose and submandibular arc length of the two tragus points were not the influencing factors for the result of qualitative suitability test. CONCLUSION: This foldable medical protective mask has a high pass rate in the qualitative suitability test, and the BMI is one of the influencing factors;first-line medical staff can verify the airtightness of the medical protective mask through the qualitative suitability test so as to choose the appropriate medical protective masks.
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Background: The novel corona virus disease (COVID-19) is a severe highly infectious viral disease. Health workers, including eye health workers, are expected to take measures to prevent disease spread within the health care facility. Satisfactory performance of the risky duties depends on the workers' knowledge and perception of the disease. Objectives: To determine the knowledge and perception of COVID-19 pandemic, and any change in these parameters between the first and second waves of the pandemic, among eye health workers at a tertiary eye centre in Nigeria. Methodology: This study was conducted in two phases in March and December 2020. Eye health workers responded to pre-tested questionnaire on knowledge and perception of COVID-19: disease type, aetiology, disease nature, symptoms, transmission, prevention and fears.
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COVID-19 pandemic has been shown to have significant effects on the mental health of people all across the globe, generally, and healthcare workers, particularly. This report is a cross-sectional study comprising statistical data and mental health measurements from HCW including doctors, nurses, and paramedics from DHQ Hospital Jhelum, Punjab Pakistan during the period April 24, 2020, to May 09, 2020. Healthcare professionals in hospitals equipped with flu filter clinics and COVID-19 isolation wards were eligible. After obtaining informed consent and assuring confidentiality, statistical data, and mental health measurements from 73. The instrument used for this study was focused on depression, anxiety, distress, and insomnia using the Chinese genre of authorized measurement tools. Removed reference statistical evaluation was performed by using SPSS version 2.6. The data was analyzed to assess the severity of symptoms of depression, anxiety, distress, and insomnia;and then conferred as numbers and percentages. A significant proportion of doctors, nurses, and paramedics reported symptoms of anxiety (38.3%), depression (58.9%), insomnia (45.2%), and distress (61.64%). Overall data collected showed that the ratio of symptoms was comparatively high among nurses than doctors.
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Background: The COVID-19 case is a recent problem faced by people worldwide, including in Temanggung Regency. The local government has made various efforts to reduce the spread of the COVID-19 virus, namely by enforcing public health protocols such as physical distancing, prohibition of going to hometown, quarantine system, wearing masks, implementing handwashing and temperature measurement in every place to limiting community activities. However, many people have not obeyed the rules that the COVID-19 cases in the area increase. This study aims to identify the factors that influence the implementation of health protocols in the community in the Temanggung Regency. Method: This study used a qualitative method. Data were collected using in-depth interviews with 12 participants consisting of the community, village officials, and health workers selected using the purposive sampling technique. The instrument used was an interview guide. In addition, unstructured observations were carried out to identify the community's implementation of current health protocols. The data validity test was conducted by triangulating sources, methods, and peer debriefings. Thematic data analysis was carried out using Open code 4.02 software.
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Background: During the pandemic, Mount Pleasant, Texas became a hotspot for Covid-19 cases in the Hispanic community employed by a local meat packing plant and many other industries. An important consideration for rural communities is the language barrier and lack of easily accessible Spanish information explaining Covid-19. In addition, rapidly changing discoveries about the virus and subsequent vaccines creates a sense of confusion within this population already burdened with difficulty understanding health information leading to even more confusion about prevention, treatment and vaccine acceptance.
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Background: After the acute period of infection by the SARS-CoV-2 virus (COVID-19), multi-organ signs and symptoms may remain. This study tried to compare the perception of the state of health and the sequelae in Navarra-Osasunbidea health workers after COVID-19, with the previous situation through the Health Survey.
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Efforts to prevent and limit the transmission of infection in health centers during the Covid-19 pandemic are important because of the many activities of health centers conducting swab tests, vaccination activities and other service activities that cause the transmission of infection. This study aimed to find out the picture of control and prevention of infectious diseases based on environmental health in the health center of district X. This study was a mixed method study with the determination of qualitative research inform an and purposive sampling and the sample of study was 75 respondents. The results showed that there was a lack of knowledge level of the health workers. Input: there were policies such as SOPs, HR PPI teams consisting of doctors, nurses, and sanitation workers, infrastructure facilities are available and funds come from BLUD. Process: the implementation of hand hygiene, PPE, waste management, environmental control has been implemented, and some are not in accordance with regulations such as sorting waste that is still mixed, transporting waste that is late and also waste storage that has not used coldstorage, Output: the management of medical waste puskesmas has been implemented and has not been in accordance with applicable regulations. The conclusion of medical waste management has not been in accordance with Decree No. 27/2017 and Permen LHK No. 56/2015. Suggestions to coordinates and cooperates with cross-sector related sectors in addressing medical waste problems and improving environmental health-based infection disease control and prevention efforts.
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Objective: To make a comparison between countries and between Brazilian states regarding the contents of protection protocols for COVID-19 healthcare workers and to undertake a critical analysis of the prevention model that adopts the recommendation and use of personal protective equipment (PPE) as the only response to a multidimensional problem.
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Objective: The aim of this study is to investigate the previous four months (March-July 2020) SARS-CoV-2 infection rate, seroprevalence and the variables affecting these in HCWs in a university hospital.
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In December 2019, the coronavirus disease COVID-19 began in China. Since then, millions of infections and deaths from this cause have been reported worldwide, particularly among health workers who have suffered the harsh onslaught of the pandemic in the context of healthcare systems collapsed by demand. In this sense, the objective of this work was to determine the prevalence, sociodemographic, epidemiological, and clinical characteristics of COVID-19 present in health workers of the "Instituto Aut..nomo Hospital Universitario de Los Andes" in M..rida-Venezuela. An observational, retrospective, single-center, documentary study was carried out, where 297 clinical-epidemiological records corresponding to 285 health workers were analyzed, in a period between March 16 and November 30, 2020. The records were separated into two groups, front-line workers and support workers. The overall positivity of the RT-PCRs performed was 31.6%. The frequency of positive confirmatory results was highest among support workers at 33.9%. Nursing staff had the highest positivity (39.5%). A seroprevalence of 34.3% was found in immunological tests. The prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 infection among health care workers was higher among support workers compared to front-line workers. Therefore, general and work-specific prevention strategies should be strengthened to limit the spread of SARS-CoV-2 among staff to ensure that they perform safely and effectively.
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The aim of this research is to investigate the attitudes and happiness relationships of health workers who played a very important role in the process of the Covid 19 outbreak. The population of this study, in which the relationship between attitude toward sports and happiness is investigated, is composed of health care industry employees, while the sample group is 115 people who voluntarily accepted to participate in the study, selected by the convenience sampling method from this industry. The "Attitude towards Sports Scale", which was developed by Sent..rk (2015) and provided validity and reliability, and the "Oxford Happiness Scale" developed by Hills and Argyle (2002), adapted to Turkish by Dogan and ....tok (2011) in order to evaluate the level of happiness were used. As well as the descriptive statistics, Independent-Samples t test, One-Way Anova test and correlation and regression methods were used within the scope of relational model. As a result;It has been found that there is a positive relationship between attitude towards sports and happiness, and that "living with sports" has a significant positive contribution in explaining the effect of attitude towards sports on happiness. It can also be said that living with sports at any time, especially during the Covid 19 process, will increase the level of happiness.
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Background: The pandemic caused by COVID-19 is one of the main problems of public health around the world. Of the individuals with infection, a large amount corresponds to first-level health workers.